tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-44776755811249735622024-03-05T00:48:25.278-08:00Language LadyRaising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.comBlogger192125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-40593310246755774762015-06-17T15:09:00.002-07:002015-06-17T15:13:31.135-07:00How To Find Us
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We've moved from our old Blogger blogs, and made a few changes. Below are some places you can find us!<br />
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<i><b>First,</b></i> you can find us on our Character Ink blog!
Here I blog about parenting, homeschooling, marriage, character training, language arts, home management, low-carb/healthy cooking, grammar, reaching the hearts of your children, and teaching. <b><a href="http://characterinkblog.com/"> CharacterInkBlog.com</a></b>
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<i><b>Second,</b></i> you can find us on three Facebook pages:<br />
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<b><a href="https://www.facebook.com/characterinkcompany">Character Ink!</a></b>
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<b><a href="https://www.facebook.com/charactertrainingfromtheheart">Raising Kids With Character</a></b><br />
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Note: We are closing the <b><a href="https://www.facebook.com/trainingfortriumph" target="_blank">Training for Triumph</a> </b>Facebook page, so be sure to go over and like our <a href="https://www.facebook.com/characterinkcompany" target="_blank"><b>Character Ink</b> </a>page for homeschooling and more, and the <a href="https://www.facebook.com/charactertrainingfromtheheart" target="_blank"><b>Raising Kids With Character</b> </a>page for parenting in general.
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<i><b>Third,</b></i> you can listen to our Wondering Wednesday podcasts episodes <a href="http://characterinkblog.com/category/podcasts/" target="_blank">at our blog</a> AND <a href="https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/wondering-wednesday/id969801076?mt=2" target="_blank">in iTunes!</a>
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<i><b>Fourth,</b> </i>you can see samples of our curriculum, print them off, and try them out <a href="http://characterinkblog.com/cqla-samples/" target="_blank"><b>here</b> </a>for CQLA and<a href="http://characterinkblog.com/mc-samples/" target="_blank"><b> here</b></a> for Meaningful Composition. Check back here often as we are adding the new Meaningful Composition books through summer 2015.<br />
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<i><b>Finally,</b></i> you can call or email us directly to place an order, to <a href="http://characterinkblog.com/cottage-classes/">sign up for classes</a>, or to <a href="http://characterinkblog.com/speaking-topics-seminars/">schedule a speaker or a parenting seminar</a>.
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<b>Email us:</b> <a href="mailto:characterink@gmail.com" target="_blank">characterink@gmail.com</a> OR <a href="mailto:characterinklady@gmail.com" target="_blank">characterinklady@gmail.com</a>
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<b>Call us:</b> 260-450-7063
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<b>Write us: </b>Ray and Donna Reish<br />
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Sit and rise have I's--and lie does too.<br />"Coz these are things that I, all by myself, can do.<br />Set, raise, and lay are words that you choose<br />When each one has an object after it to use.</span></span><br />
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial;">I am going to take sit/set; rise/raise; and lie/lay one pair at a time over the next few days; however, I wanted to start the series (or at least this second post) with teacher tips.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial;">I have watched kids with glossed over eyes as I have tried many techniques and order to teach these tricky pairs, and have had many difficulties “rise” up and confuse them (and me!):</span></div>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">People lie; things get laid down—sort of works, but it’s not just people who lie—the sun lies on the horizon; the city lies asleep in the early morning hours; the animal lies in the middle of the road….you get the idea</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial;">People lie; things get laid down—but it still didn’t help with the sit/set and rise/raise dilemma</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial;">The past tense of lie (as in yesterday I lay down to take a nap…don’t I wish!) is the same as the current tense of lay (as in I am going to lay the book on the table)—poor kids!</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">And so many more!</li>
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So here are a few tips that I would like to pass along to those trying to teach these rules:</div>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Consider a rhyme or mnemonic like the one above to reinforce the I’s in sit, rise, and lie—when we remind students that I do those things—and they have I’s in them, we are helping them remember that these do not have objects following them.</li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Do NOT start with lie. It is by far the most confusing of the trio—and I try to do that one after rise and sit (with fewer exceptions, etc.) are established in students’ minds.</li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">DO start with sit. Set has the same tense for all—present; past; and past participle. Today I set the table; yesterday I set the table; before that I have set the table.</li>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Jesus will rise from the grave. God will raise Jesus.</li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Jesus rose from the grave. God raised Jesus.</li>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Suggested order: sit/set; rise/raise; and lie/lay.</li>
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<a href="http://languagelady365.blogspot.com/search/label/rise%2Fraise%20etc.">Check out more posts about these confusing verb pairs--including a quiz or two!</a><br />
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Happy teaching—and learning! <span style="font-family: Wingdings;">J</span></div>
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Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-23083966762487087042014-01-23T14:31:00.000-08:002014-01-23T14:31:07.526-08:00U is for UNUSUAL SPELLING--Facade<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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You know what one of my least favorite words is? FACADE.<br />
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First of all, I work week in and week out to try to teach that an A, O, U, or most consonants make the C say "kuh." That would make this word fuh-kade, right? (Or even fay-kade.) Unfortunately, that is wrong.<br />
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It is pronounced fuh-sodd. (That A really doesn't make the C say "kuh.")<br />
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That clearly makes this word a FAKE, which is one of its only redeeming qualities--it means what it looks like! Smile...<br />
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That bring us to the second aspect of the word--its meaning. It is a noun that means "a face of a building or a superficial appearance."<br />
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In that regard, it is as it is pronounced--even though it isn't pronounced like it is spelled (which is true of many words that came from somewhere else).<br />
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So it is easy to learn the meaning of---it has to do with what it sounds like--FACE (albeit, a fake face). But it is not spelled as one would think.<br />
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So, don't put on a facade today! Don't try to put on a superficial front or fake face. Be yourself!Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-47137539662686412592014-01-22T19:15:00.000-08:002014-01-22T19:16:52.771-08:00U is for UNUSUAL SPELLINGS: Wednesday<br />
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial", "sans-serif";">So many of my students have trouble spelling today’s day of the week! Wednesday is definitely not phonetic, so students (and adults!) get stuck on the spelling of it. Most people say Wednesday without the sound of the d at all.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial", "sans-serif";">We teach our students to spell difficult words in many ways, giving them as many tools as we possibly can.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial", "sans-serif";">1.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial", "sans-serif";">Syllable by syllable—longer words that are phonetic in nature can often be syllabicated and spelled syllable by syllable by a student who is fairly phonetically-savvy: con/se/quence.</span><br />
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial", "sans-serif";">2.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial", "sans-serif";">Tricks and mnemonics—we call these “Tricky Tricks to Help It Stick” and use them often with our “Wacky Words”—words that have a wacky counterpart that can be confusing, such as the homophones their, there, and they’re. I had an elementary student this year who told the class that they could easily spell Nebuchadnezzar if they just divided it up and pronounced the ch as choo (not kuh): Neb/U/Chad/Nez/Zar! Of course, any tricks that help a person are handy tools to have (though the trick must help that person in order to be effective).</span><br />
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial", "sans-serif";">3.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial", "sans-serif";">Visual tricks—many visual people spell by “seeing” the word—its shape, its sequence of letters (and the shapes those letters make), etc.</span><br />
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial", "sans-serif";">4.<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial", "sans-serif";">Memorization—some people are just naturally good spellers (it is now thought to be a specific skill set separate from intelligence) and can memorize a word’s spelling once it is seen.</span></div>
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How do YOU spell Wednesday. Many of my students say it just like it looks to spelll it: WED/NES/DAY!<br />
Does that help you?Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-72348880947371417092014-01-12T19:12:00.002-08:002014-01-12T19:12:59.561-08:00S is for SUBORDINATE CLAUSE OPENER--Putting It All Together!<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">I teach subordinate clause openers extensively in my books because punctuating them properly is key to sentence writing. </td></tr>
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Do you remember what a subordinate clause is from yesterday? A subordinate clause is a sentence (independent clause-can stand alone) that has a subordinator added to the beginning of it (which makes it a dependent clause-is dependent upon something else in order to be used {has to have a real sentence put with it in order to be used}).<br />
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Think of subordinate clauses by either of their two names:<br />
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1. Subordinate clause--subordinate to the rest of the sentence<br />
2. Dependent clause--dependent on something else to go with it (a real sentence/independent clause) in order to be used<br />
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Click <a href="http://languagelady365.blogspot.com/2013/04/comma-clue-4-comma-following.html">here</a> if you need to brush up on subordinators via our Subordinator-Check Sentence or subordinate rhyme.<br />
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Subordinate Clause Opener: Now for the opener part.<br />
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If you have been reading Language Lady for long, you have learned that a sentence opener has the following characteristics:<br />
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1. It gives a sentence more information.<br />
<br />
2. It comes at the beginning of a sentence, which gives a paragraph a<br />
different rhythm than if it included all subject-verb patterned sentences.<br />
<br />
3. It is often set off with a comma-again, adding to the rhythm of your<br />
sentences.<br />
<br />
4. It si usually non-essential, meaning that the senence is still a<br />
sentence without the addition of an opener.<br />
<br />
5. It shows advanced writing skills because a writer who has a handle<br />
on the many varieties of sentence openers has a large toolbox of sentence structure at his disposal.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
So...if a subordinate clause is a group of words that contains a subordinator+subject+verb, then a subordinate clause opener is a subordinator+subject+subordinate clause that is used as a sentence opener.<br />
<br />
Simple enough, huh?<br />
<br />
The tricky parts of subordinate clause openers are<br />
<br />
(1) Be sure that you never use a subordinate clause opener by itself,<br />
thinking it is a sentence. (It will sound like something is missing-because it is-the real sentence!)<br />
<br />
(2) Be sure that you put a comma following a subordinate clause opener.<br />
<br />
<b>When you start a sentence with a subordinate clause, </b><br />
<b>Put the comma in when you hear the pause!</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<br />
<br />
<br />
Here are some complex sentences created with subordinate clause openers attached to "real" sentence. In grammar lingo, each one is a complex sentence because it has a <i><b>dependent clause</b></i> (subordinate clause) at the beginning attached to an <i><b>independent clause</b></i> (real sentence).<br />
<br />
<br />
If you learn subordinators well, you may write sentences with subordinate clauses.<br />
<br />
If you put a dependent clause at the beginning of a sentence, put a comma in before writing the real sentence part.<br />
<br />
As you learn more and more about sentence structure, your writing will improve.<br />
<br />
Since people are impressed by good grammar and strong writing, you will become an impressive person as you learn grammar usage.<br />
<br />
When you start a sentence with a subordinate clause, put the comma in where you hear the pause.<br />
<br />
Although many people do not remember much about dependent and independent clauses, this does not make these clauses unimportant.<br />
<br />
Because I want to write well, I am working on my usage skills.<br />
<br />
Though some consider analyzing sentences as outdated, I know that it helps me write better.<br />
<br />
<br />
If you lasted to the end of this lesson, you will be able to write well with subordinate clause openers!<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-32149518534012889362014-01-09T13:23:00.000-08:002014-01-09T13:23:23.982-08:00S is for SUBORDINATE CLAUSE OPENERS--Understanding the Subordinate Clause<br />
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVf7Mwb3KThQ8ldq7mg74UU1FVA5wfRJbdraMO48kDXeTvUSFTMU2uHfdQAVonqzb0mtFy2j9zhCesc84bK_xIOCj1PvdIUGeM02E7oyAYjnxIo9HuzvQMBEV9F2kpUWHO9z_0A2d3wNk/s1600/Phone+Pictures+1431.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVf7Mwb3KThQ8ldq7mg74UU1FVA5wfRJbdraMO48kDXeTvUSFTMU2uHfdQAVonqzb0mtFy2j9zhCesc84bK_xIOCj1PvdIUGeM02E7oyAYjnxIo9HuzvQMBEV9F2kpUWHO9z_0A2d3wNk/s1600/Phone+Pictures+1431.jpg" height="180" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Studying subordinators, subordinate clauses, and subordinate clause openers...</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<br />
Did you memorize subordinators, so you can write with subordinate clause openers properly? If not, you can find the post on there <a href="http://languagelady365.blogspot.com/2013/04/comma-clue-4-comma-following.html">here</a>.<br />
<br />
Once you memorize subordinators, you are ready to write with subordinate clauses. Specific to this lesson, you will be ready to write subordinate clause openers (subordinate clauses that are added to the beginnings of sentences).<br />
<br />
As far as a subordinate clause is concerned, it contains a subordinator and a subject and a verb.<br />
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Subordinator + Subject + Verb<br />
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<br />
<br />
When she drove,<br />
<br />
As he said,<br />
<br />
After she left,<br />
<br />
When they arrived,<br />
<br />
Because he smiled,<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Did you notice anything about those subordinate clauses? If you noticed that each one would be a sentence if the subordinator were removed, you are correct!<br />
<br />
A subordinate clause is a sentence (subject + verb) that has a subordinator at the beginning of it!<br />
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Sentence: She drove.<br />
Subordinate clause: When she drove,<br />
<br />
<br />
Sentence: He said.<br />
Subordinate clause: As he said,<br />
<br />
<br />
Sentence: She left.<br />
Subordinate clause: After she left,<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Sentence: They arrived.<br />
Subordinate clause: When they arrived,<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Sentence: He smiled.<br />
Subordinate clause: Because he smiled,<br />
<br />
<br />
So....a subordinate clause is a sentence (independent clause-can stand<br />
alone) that has a subordinator added to the beginning of it (which makes it a dependent clause-is dependent upon something else in order to be used {has to have a real sentence put with it in order to be used}).<br />
<br />
Think of subordinate clauses by either of their two names:<br />
<br />
1. Subordinate clause--subordinate to the rest of the sentence<br />
2. Dependent clause--dependent on something else to go with it (a real sentence/independent clause) in order to be used<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-22442984198312600902014-01-07T16:46:00.000-08:002014-01-07T16:46:38.162-08:00S is for SUBORDINATE CLAUSE (Starting With SUBORDINATORS!)<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.linguisticsgirl.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/LinguisticsGirl-Logo.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://www.linguisticsgirl.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/LinguisticsGirl-Logo.png" height="313" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Image from linguisticsgirl.com</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span style="color: #cc0000; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="color: #cc0000; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>When you start a sentence with a subordinate clause,<br />Put the comma in when you hear the pause!</b></span><br />
<span style="color: #cc0000; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">That is a cute rhyme (don't you think?)....but unless you know what a subordinate clause is (and prior to that, what a subordinator is), it will not do you much good to recite it. So this post will go back to what subordinators are first. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Maybe you were taught that subordinators (words that make the part of the sentence that they are in be "subordinate" to the rest of the sentence) are called other things, like conjunctives or subordinate conjunctions. Some grammar handbooks do not even classify subordinators at all but call them whatever other class they fall under (i.e. the preposition before might always be called a preposition, even though it is a subordinator when it has a subject and verb following it).</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Regardless of what you were taught about subordinators, <u>they are extremely important to good writing.</u> Why? </span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">A </span><b style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><i>subordinator</i></b><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"> is a </span><b style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">word that falls at the beginning of a subordinate clause</b><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">A <b>subordinate clause </b>has the following characteristics:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">1. It<i style="font-weight: bold;"> </i>is a <b>group of words that begins with a subordinator and has a subject and verb following it.</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">2. It is <b>subordinate to the rest of the sentence</b>--that is, it is "less than" the real sentence.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">3. It <b>may not stand alone as it is not a real sentence</b>.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">4. It <b>sounds as though something is missing when it is read-</b>-because something is (the real sentence!).</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">5. It <b>may be joined with a complete sentence to create a complex sentence</b>, but the subordinate clause may never stand alone.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">So....what are subordinators?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;">Let's start with the first six that we teach our youngest language arts students in our books:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="color: #0c343d; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif; font-size: large;">Since, when, though</span><br />
<span style="color: #0c343d; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif; font-size: large;">Because, if, although.</span><br />
<span style="color: #0c343d; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", sans-serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Yeah, it's a rhyme! Cute, huh? (I love teaching!)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Anyway, for you older folks, we have a <b>Subordinator-Check Sentence</b> that most subordinators fit into. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">In a nutshell, if a word fits in the check sentence and the word is <b>not </b>an adverb, it is likely a subordinator:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>________________________ the submarine went down, we could no longer see it.</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4c1130;"><b><i>Since</i></b></span> the submarine went down, we could no longer see it.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="color: #4c1130; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><b><i>When</i></b></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"> the submarine went down, we could no longer see it.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="color: #4c1130; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><b><i>Though</i></b></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"> the submarine went down, we could STILL see it.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4c1130;"><b><i>Because </i></b></span>the submarine went down, we could no longer see it.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4c1130;"><b><i>If </i></b></span>the submarine went down, we could no longer see it.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="color: #4c1130; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><b><i>Although</i></b></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"> the submarine went down, we could STILL see it.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">Okay, those are the first six.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"> Here is a lengthy, but not exhaustive list of subordinators:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">-after (also a preposition when it just has an object following it)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">-although</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">-as </span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">(also a preposition when it just has an object following it)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-as if</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-as long as</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-as soon as</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-as though</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-because</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-because of </span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">(also a preposition when it just has an object following it)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-before </span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">(also a preposition when it just has an object following it)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-even</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-even if</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">-even though</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">-if</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">-inasmuch as</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">-in order that</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">-lest</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">-now (more commonly used as an adverb)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">-now since</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">-now that</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">-now when</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">-once</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">-provided</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">-rather than</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">-since</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">-than </span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">(also a preposition when it just has an object following it)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-that</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-though</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-til </span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">(also a preposition when it just has an object following it)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">-unless</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">-until </span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">(also a preposition when it just has an object following it)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-when</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-whenever</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-where</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-where ever</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-where as</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-whether</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-which</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-which ever</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-while</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">-who</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">-whoever</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Trebuchet MS, sans-serif;">-why</span><br />
<span style="color: #4c1130; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: inherit; line-height: 1.35em;"><b><i><br /></i></b></span><span style="color: #4c1130; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: inherit; line-height: 1.35em;"><b><i><br /></i></b></span><span style="color: #4c1130; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: inherit; line-height: 1.35em;"><b><i><u>In as much as</u></i></b></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: inherit; line-height: 1.35em;"> the submarine went down, we could no longer see it.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><span style="color: #4c1130; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 24.296875px;"><b><i><u>Until </u></i></b></span></span></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;">the submarine went down, we could STILL see it.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><u><span style="color: #4c1130; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 24.296875px;"><b><i>While</i></b></span></span> </u>the submarine went down, we could no longer see it.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"> We will stop here and give you time to memorize these before we go on in a day or two working on punctuating sentences that begin with subordinate clauses. Just looking at the Subordinator-Check Sentence, though, you can probably deduce that the first rhyme in this post is accurate: a subordinate clause opener is followed by a comma. More later!</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-20333852251801240872014-01-05T14:45:00.000-08:002014-01-05T14:45:22.698-08:00S is for SUBORDINATE CLAUSE---Phrases and Clauses<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://languagearts.pppst.com/banner_phrases_clauses.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://languagearts.pppst.com/banner_phrases_clauses.gif" height="142" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Image from languagearts.ppst.com</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
We talked about PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES when we did the letter P a while ago. Now we are going to move into S--SUBORDINATE CLAUSES.<br />
<br />
<br />
We have talked at length about what a sentence contains:<br />
<br />
C apital<br />
<br />
A ll makes sense<br />
<br />
V erb<br />
<br />
E nd mark<br />
<br />
S ubject<br />
<br />
CAVES!<br />
<br />
Again, most people have trouble witht the A one--All makes sense. When a "sentence" doesn't make sense, it is often because it is not a sentence at all, but it is a phrase or a clause.<br />
<br />
We are going to talk in detail about phrases and clauses in the upcoming weeks because we are going to talk a lot about sentence structure--openers, simple sentences, compound sentences, etc.<br />
<br />
So...a little "phrase and clause" lesson is in order first:<br />
<br />
<br />
1. Phrase--<br />
<br />
a. Group of words<br />
<br />
b. Group of words that is not a sentence<br />
<br />
c. Group of words that is not a sentence and does not usually contain a subject and a verb (though may seem to have one or the other)<br />
<br />
d. There are various types of phrases--the one that people are most familiar with is the prepositional phrase--begins with a preposition and ends with the object of the preposition:<br />
i. over the clouds<br />
ii. into the clouds<br />
iii. around the clouds<br />
iv. within the clouds<br />
v. under the clouds<br />
<br />
<br />
2. Clause<br />
<br />
a. Group of words<br />
<br />
b. Group of words that might or might not be a sentence<br />
<br />
c. Group of words that contains a subject and a verb<br />
<br />
d. Two kinds of clauses<br />
<br />
i. Independent clause--also called a sentence<br />
<br />
ii. Dependent clause--also called a subordinate clause<br />
<br />
<br />
Don't despair! These are not as complicated as they sound! You write with them all the time--but I hope to help you recognize them and punctuate them correctly in sentences--over the next few weeks!<br />
<br />
Happy writing!Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-90362513652288210702014-01-04T18:33:00.001-08:002014-02-09T11:54:37.425-08:00Lie vs Lay<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;"><strong>Sit and rise have I's--and lie does too.<br />"Coz these are things that I, all by myself, can do.<br />Set, raise, and lay are words that you choose<br />When each one has an object after it to use.</strong></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Here we are at the end of our Wacky Word pair—lie and lay.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Remember these lie and lay tips:</span></div>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Lie has an I—and I alone can do it (it is not done TO something else).</span></li>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">I lie in bed at </span><time hour="0" minute="0"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">midnight</span></time><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;"> wide awake.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Yesterday I lay awake half the night.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Before that I had lain down when the cat jumped on me.</span></li>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Lie means to stretch out in a flat position—anybody or anything can lie, as long as it does it by itself (i.e. it is NOT laid)</span></li>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">She lies down with a headache every day.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">The sun is lying low.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">She has lain down for a nap.</span></li>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Lay must have an object following it—something that it is being laid down.</span></li>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Lay your book on the table.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">He laid his money down.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">She has laid the towels in the sun.</span></li>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Okay…the tenses for the three:</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">1. Lie</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;"> a. Base form: lie—Tomorrow I will lie down early. (Remember—no object; down is an adverb; early is an adverb here, not an object.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;"> b. Past simple: lay—Yesterday I lay in the sun. (Tricky part: past tense of lie is lay; lay is also the present tense of lay—to lay something down!)</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;"> b. Past participle: lain—They have lain low ever since then.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;"> d. Third person singular: lies—The dog just lies under the tree all day long.</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;"> e. Present participle/gerund: lying—The sun was lying on the horizon for so long today.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">2. Lay</span></div>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Base form: lay—I lay the kids’ clothes out every day. (Tricky: lay is the base form of lay (to put something down; it is also the past tense of lie—to stretch out by yourself or itself.)</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Past simple: laid—Yesterday I laid the pink pants out for Jon.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Past participle: laid—Before the dog came in, I had already laid his bones out.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Third person singular: lays—He lays the book down every night at ten.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Present participle/gerund: laying—I am laying the swim suits out to dry.</span></li>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Tricky Tricks to Help It Stick</span></div>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Again, do sit/set first (all same base word for tenses of set!) or rise/raise (since many people get this pair correct even if they do not know sit/set and lie/lay very well).</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Do rise/raise after sit/set or sit/set after rise/raise (saving lie/lay for last).</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Memorize acronym/rhyme to cement the fact that all three with I’s are the ones that are done by someone or something (not to something).</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">When you get to lie and lay, to lie first all by itself until it is memorized. Then do lay. (I am starting to wait a week between the two with lots of practice on lie during that week before moving on to lay.)</span></li>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">I’m officially done with sit/set; rise/raise; and lie/lay! Time to move on. I feel that I have risen to the occasion and am glad that I did not sit idly by and lay these tricky ones aside. Glad I did not let people lie in agony over these Wacky Words. I would like for all of us to set our grammar burdens aside and raise a toast in honor of sit/set; rise/raise; and lie/lay! </span><span style="color: black; font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 10pt;">J</span><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;"> (Last time for a while, honest!)</span></div>
Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-31875042385751037712013-12-31T20:57:00.000-08:002014-02-09T11:54:48.371-08:00Sit and Set Pop Quiz With Answer Key!<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
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<span style="color: #cc0000; font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><i> Sit Down While I Set Up a Quiz For You!</i></span></h2>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;"><i><b>Sit and rise have I's--and lie does too.<br />"Coz these are things that I, all by myself, can do.<br />Set, raise, and lay are words that you choose<br />When each one has an object after it to use.</b></i></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: Arial;"><b>Fill in the blanks below with the correct forms/tenses of sit/set.</b></span></div>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">She _________ down and wept when she heard the news.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">They _______ down.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">They _______ the plants out.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">They will be _______ the clothes out beforehand.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Yesterday, he ________ down to rest.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">They will ________ the clothes out to dry.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">He _________ down.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">He is ____________ down.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">They will be _________ the clothes out beforehand.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">She has _________ the clothes out beforehand.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">They have __________ down.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">He has ____________ down.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">They __________ the trap to catch the bear.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">They are __________ down.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">They will ________ the tent up at </span><time hour="12" minute="0"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">noon</span></time><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">.</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">ANSWER KEY:</span></div>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">She <strong>sat</strong> down and wept when she heard the news.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">They <strong>sit</strong> down.(or sat)</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">They <strong>set</strong> the plants out.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">They will be <strong>setting</strong> the clothes out beforehand.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Yesterday, he <strong>sat</strong> down to rest.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">They will <strong>set</strong> the clothes out to dry.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">He <strong>sits</strong> down.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">He is <strong>sitting</strong> down.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">They will be <strong>setting</strong> the clothes out beforehand.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">She has <strong>set</strong> the clothes out beforehand.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">They have <strong>sat</strong> down.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">He has <strong>sat</strong> down.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">They <strong>set</strong> the trap to catch the bear.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">They are <strong>sitting</strong> down.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">They will <strong>set</strong> the tent up at </span><time hour="12" minute="0"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">noon</span></time><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">.</span></li>
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Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-81186386505819282322013-12-25T07:01:00.000-08:002013-12-25T07:01:03.687-08:00<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Christmas_decorations_on_a_tree_-_closeup.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Christmas_decorations_on_a_tree_-_closeup.JPG" width="300" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">Merry Christmas from Language Lady!</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<strong style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">This time of year we see a plethora of spelling, capitalization, grammar, and usage errors--on signs, catalogs, greeting cards, and more:</strong></div>
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1. merry Christmas on a greeting card (which technically isn't wrong, but just doesn't look right either!)</div>
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2. "This line is for eight items or less"--even though it should be "eight items or fewer"</div>
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3. Xmas--even though the Associated Press itself says to never use this abbreviation!</div>
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4. Seasons' Greetings (which indicates that you are offering someone greetings for more than one season--the plural noun seasons)</div>
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5. Happy capitalization guy or girl--Christmas Tree, Christmas Decorations, Christmas Ham, etc.</div>
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Many holiday greetings and terms are subjective (shocking, huh?); however, here is a list to help you see the<b><span style="font-size: large;"> most common ways that greetings and holiday words are expressed this time of year:</span></b></div>
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1. You can <b>write any of the following:</b></div>
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a. Seasons Greetings (no possession shown at all--more of a noun describing another noun)</div>
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b. seasons greetings (same as a., but no capitalization--not recommended for greeting cards and headers)</div>
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c. Season's Greetings (the most common way, showing that the season {one season} possesses the greeting; note the capping here)</div>
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d. season's greetings (like c but not capped)</div>
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2. Of course, people also write Merry Christmas in different combinations (with and without the M capitalized; however, <b>Christmas should always be capitalized</b> because it is a proper noun by itself:</div>
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a. merry Christmas</div>
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b. Merry Christmas</div>
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3. To cap or not to cap greetings? This is a stylistic preference, but if it is in a<b> header or greeting card, you definitely want to capitalize:</b></div>
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a. Season's Greetings or season's greetings</div>
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b. Merry Christmas or merry Christmas</div>
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c. Happy Holidays or happy holidays</div>
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d. Happy New Year or happy New Year</div>
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e. Happy Christmas or happy Christmas</div>
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f. Happy Christmastime (all one word) or happy Christmastime (again, all one word)</div>
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4. <b>Words that are already proper nouns should remain proper nouns in every context and should retain their capitalization:</b></div>
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a. Santa Claus</div>
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b. Poinsettia--This is traditionally capitalized because the flower is named after a botanist and physician who was also the first US Ambassador to Mexico, Joel Roberts Poinsett. In 1828, he introduced the plant to the country.</div>
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c. The actual holidays</div>
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<span style="line-height: 26.666667938232422px;"> i</span><span style="font-size: x-small; line-height: 1.5;">. Christmas or Christmas Day</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"> ii. Christmas Eve</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"> iii. New Year's Eve (one year--singular YEAR.....hmm...."that doesn't end in an s, so I need to put apostrophe s")</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"> iv. New Year's Day</span></div>
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d. North Pole (Remember--you capitalize directions when they are part of a proper noun already--but not when giving directions. No "Turn West at the corner"!)</div>
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e. Jesus, Jesus Christ, Messiah--most Christian publications capitalize names for or references to God and Jesus</div>
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f. All locations associated with Christ's birth and life as they are proper nouns already--Bethlehem, Nazareth, etc., and, of course, King Herod, Joseph, and Mary (but not shepherds or wise men)</div>
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g. When describing decorations, only capitalize the original proper noun:</div>
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i. <span style="font-size: x-small;">Christmas tree</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"> ii. Christmas wreath</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"> iii. New Year's Day dinner</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"> iv. Christmas Eve party</span></div>
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h. Nativity is capitalized when it stands alone or when it is combined with non-proper noun elements</div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"> i. Nativity scene</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"> ii. Nativity pieces</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"> iii. Nativity story</span></div>
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i. Advent is capitalized in all contexts </div>
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Merry Christmas from Language Lady! </div>
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Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-55157756353356247392013-12-17T04:52:00.003-08:002013-12-17T04:52:59.239-08:00Raise vs. Rise<div class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: #fef6e3; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21px; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://pad2.whstatic.com/images/thumb/8/87/Make-a-Wedding-Toast-Step-6.jpg/670px-Make-a-Wedding-Toast-Step-6.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="198" src="http://pad2.whstatic.com/images/thumb/8/87/Make-a-Wedding-Toast-Step-6.jpg/670px-Make-a-Wedding-Toast-Step-6.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">RAISE a toast! Use an object with RAISE....toast is the object.</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;"><strong>Sit and rise have I's--and lie does too.<br />"Coz these are things that I, all by myself, can do.<br />Set, raise, and lay are words that you choose<br />When each one has an object after it to use.</strong></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">I like to start with the simplest Wacky Word pair—RAISE AND RISE--though I have often thought sit/set was the easiest pair because all of the set forms are the same. However, raise and rise are less often misspoken or mis-written, so I have changed my thoughts on this. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Remember these RISE and RAISE tips:</span></div>
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<ol style="background-color: #fef6e3; line-height: 21px; margin-top: 0in;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Rise has an I—and I alone can do it (it is not done TO something else).</span></li>
<ol style="font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-top: 0in;" type="a">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">I RISE early.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Yesterday I ROSE early.*</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Before that I had RISEN early.</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"><span style="line-height: 21px;">*Just think I RISE early, and Rose ROSE early...</span></span></div>
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<ol start="2" style="background-color: #fef6e3; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21px; margin-top: 0in;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">RISE means to head upward—anybody or anything can rise, as long as it does it by itself (i.e. it is NOT RAISED)</span></li>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">The sun ROSE early...all by itself.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">I RISE before dawn (not really!).</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">They are RISING up in protest.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">She has RISEN from that position one time.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">They are RISING in honor of the king. </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">We have to wait for the bread to RISE.</span></li>
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<ol start="3" style="background-color: #fef6e3; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21px; margin-top: 0in;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">RAISE does not have an I (first)—it is done TO something.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">RAISE must have an object following it—something that it is being RAISED.</span></li>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">RAISE the<u> flag..</u></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Did he RAISE a <u>toast</u>?</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">They will not RAISE the <u>drawbridge</u> today.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">She had some definite <u>opinions </u>to RAISE at the meeting.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">The kids RAISED a <u>raucous </u>to get attention.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">We RAISED our voices in protest.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">How much <u>money </u>did we RAISE?</span></li>
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<ol start="5" style="background-color: #fef6e3; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 21px; margin-top: 0in;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">RAISE is the same base word for all of its tenses: RAISE, RAISE, RAISED, RAISING. That is why I recommend teaching this Wacky Word pair first (of the three), along with the fact that people do not usually say, "I rose my glass for a toast," so it is more familiar, thus making it easier to learn (going from the known to the unknown, the familiar to the unfamiliar).</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Okay…the tenses for the pair:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">1, RISE</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;"> a. Base form: RISE—Today I RISE early. (Remember—no object; early is an adverb here, not an object.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;"> b. Past simple: ROSE—Yesterday I ROSE early..</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;"> b. Past participle: RISEN—Before that, I had RISEN early.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;"> d. Third person singular: RISES—He RISES early.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;"> e. Present participle/gerund: RISING—I was RISING early.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">2. RAISE</span></div>
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<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Base form: RAISE—Today I RAISE my voice in the meeting. (Object—voice)</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Past simple: RAISED—Yesterday I RAISED my voice in the meeting.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Past participle: RAISED—Before that I HAD RAISED my voice in the meeting.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Third person singular: RAISES—She RAISES her voice in the meeting.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Present participle/gerund: RAISING—I am RAISING my voice in the meeting.</span></li>
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Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-73622988796966860972013-10-30T14:27:00.000-07:002013-10-30T14:27:02.806-07:00O is for ORGANIZING FOR WRITING--Some Tips for Helping Young Children Organize for Writing<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEij1_qcj5G5KPp9hrig29Q9q5TuhizJF2vBNumFlcbcj6JZVJlo6QA5XRaJKiytF0Hk9rORPZAQmDoub36SJI1NT2oFrBBwPczQhyphenhyphenQ2Lww-2vlKGTkbk-eqjvYiDiOs5uEVkqaSuvWtFp8/s1600/scan0170.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEij1_qcj5G5KPp9hrig29Q9q5TuhizJF2vBNumFlcbcj6JZVJlo6QA5XRaJKiytF0Hk9rORPZAQmDoub36SJI1NT2oFrBBwPczQhyphenhyphenQ2Lww-2vlKGTkbk-eqjvYiDiOs5uEVkqaSuvWtFp8/s400/scan0170.jpg" width="266" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Sometimes it takes more than a cool binder (and even some awesome pens and highlighters) to get young children going in their writing.<br /><br /></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Besides the aforementioned "taking dictation" for a young writer (he dictates to you what he wants to write and you do the penning {or keying} for him), some simple organizational strategies can get the second through fifth grader off to a good writing start.</span></div>
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*Note: These tips assume that reading fluency of at least non-phonetically-controlled books (i.e. silent and oral reading without phonics instruction or coaching) has been accomplished--and that the <a href="http://languagelady365.blogspot.com/2011/03/day-80-homework-helphelping-young.html">student understands the basic components of a sentence</a>.<br />
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Here are three ORGANIZATIONAL STRATEGIES that we use in our textbooks. All three of these have the added advantage of really digging right in to the concept that a<a href="http://languagelady365.blogspot.com/search/label/paragraph%20writing"> "paragraph is a unit of thought,"</a> a crucial skill for all writers to develop.<br />
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<b>1. The Question and Answer Approach</b></div>
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In this simple strategy, you simply prepare a list of questions that, when answered in complete sentences, would create a nice paragraph. The key here is to know about the subject your student will be writing about (i.e. his day at the zoo Saturday) in order to ask the right questions.<br />
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You can carry out this approach in a number of ways:<br />
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a. Have the questions written with lines beneath each one for the student to fill in. Then have him (on another day) copy those sentences in that order into a paragraph.<br />
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b. Ask him the questions (slowly and one at a time) verbally and have him answer you orally in complete sentence form. Then help him write the answer down in paragraph form as he goes through the questions with you orally. The benefits of this are that he only has to write the paragraph one time (good for reluctant "penners") and he sees the paragraph form as he answers.<br />
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c. Have the questions written with lines beneath each one. You read the question with him and have him answer it--and you write down his answer in NOTE form. Then he uses these notes to create his paragraph. This is for students who are experienced in writing from notes.<br />
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<b>2. The 5 W Approach</b><br />
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This approach is good for a mini biography (one paragraph) or for a re-telling (narrative--about his latest book or recent museum trip, etc.) essay. In this approach, you simply have a template prepared with the Five W's (who, what, when, where, why....and how).<br />
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You can handle this a couple of ways as well:<br />
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a. Have lines with each of the W's--for the student to answer in complete sentence form. Then (another day) have him write those answers in paragraph form.<br />
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b. Do the same as above in b.--ask him the questions verbally and help him write the answers to each W in paragraph form as he goes through the W's.<br />
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c. Have the W's listed on a sheet of paper that he goes through to himself and answers, writing down his answers to each W in a complete sentence in paragraph form as he goes.<br />
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d. Use the "you create an outline on the W lines" for him approach similar to c in #1. Again, this assumes that he can write from an outline already.<br />
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<b>3. The Paragraph House</b><br />
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This is a cute approach for first, second, and third graders (especially since I made it up!).<br />
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In this approach, you use a full sheet of paper and do the following:<br />
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a. Draw a large square in the middle of the page (one that takes up half or more of the page).<br />
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b. Divide the large square into four quadrants and place lines in each quad for the student to write on.<br />
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c. Draw a rectangle at the bottom of the large square that goes clear across the large square. (This will be your Paragraph House's foundation, so you want it to run clear across your "house.") Draw lines in this rectangle for the student to write on as well.<br />
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d. Draw a triangle over the entire large square. (This will be your Paragraph House's upper story.) Place lines in here too.<br />
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e. If your student is advanced, you can draw a large chimney out of your triangle. This will be for the "topic of paragraph"--and at first, you should write the topic in here for him. (For example, May Zoo Trip or New Video Game, etc.)<br />
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To use your Paragraph House, do the following (or any combination of the ideas from 1 and 2 above if your student needs for you to pen for him or for you to outline for him while he dictates, etc.:<br />
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i. In the "foundation," help your student write a Topic Sentence, explaining to him that the foundation of the house is the topic of the entire paragraph, and just like every house needs a foundation, every paragraph needs a Topic Sentence telling what the entire paragraph is about. (Again, you may use the Paragraph House for notes only, not complete sentences, if desired.)<br />
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ii. Move into the four quadrants of the Paragraph House. Tell your student to write four things about his topic in these. (Again, either in note form or complete sentence form.)<br />
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iii. Move to the attic of the Paragraph House and help your student write another sentence that restates the Topic Sentence in other words. For example, if his Topic Sentence (in the foundation rectangle) was "On Saturday, I went to the zoo with my family," help him write a summary of that and his paragraph: "Our Saturday zoo trip was a lot of fun."<br />
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iv. Now have him number the four quadrants of his house in the order that he wants to put the information in his actual paragraph.<br />
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v. Finally, have him start with the foundation, and write his Topic Sentence. Then move into his four numbered quads and write his four body sentences. Finally, have him write his final sentence out of the attic.<br />
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Fun, huh?<br />
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The main things to remember about writing with young students are the following:<br />
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(1) They are smart and creative--regardless of whether they can pen or type.<br />
(2) They need direction (which is why I use my Directed Writing Approach in all of my books.) They don't need a list of ideas--they need step-by-step help to teach them how to write.<br />
(3) They need to see that writing is creating--and that they really can write.<br />
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<br />Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-20990959210422733382013-09-29T12:55:00.000-07:002013-09-29T12:55:04.921-07:00Major Works and Minor Works Quiz With Answers<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;">M is for MAJOR WORKS AND MINOR WORKS!</span><br />
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<a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Bibliotheca_Buloviana_(Ausschnitt).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="280" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Bibliotheca_Buloviana_(Ausschnitt).jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;" /><span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 18px;">Are you as ready to move on from this topic as I am? With teaching it to one hundred students last week and writing about it here several times, I am just about "major and minored" out! However, we can't leave such a misunderstood topic without a quiz!</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 18px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 18px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 18px;">So here you go.....Decide in each sentence provide whether the title is a major work or minor work. (Answers below.)</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Courier New, Courier, monospace;"><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; line-height: 18px;" /></span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">1. I u</span><span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; display: inline; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">sed the encyclopedia essay titled Mammals for my report.<br /><br />2. I just got a new cd called Ballads for the Ballroom. (That sounds like a good idea--I should do that!)<br /><br />3. Have you ever read the book The Red Badge of Courage?<br /><br />4. My favorite dance song on my new cd is Could I Have This Dance?<br /><br />5. She assigned five chapters this week, starting with Non-Essential Information. (You guess it, LL readers--that is what we are going to study this week on here!)<br /><br />6. They said we could consult Wikipedia, but we aren't allowed to cite it.<br /><br />7. Our new favorite boxed television show is Person of Interest.<br /><br />8. I haven't received a Reader's Digest magazine in years.<br /><br />9. My favorite composition series is Meaningful Composition.<br /><br />10. I am using their bonus book right now, called The SAT Essay and Other Timed Writing.<br /></span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://marketmybook.in/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/t2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="353" src="http://marketmybook.in/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/t2.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Image from Marketmybook</td></tr>
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<span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; display: inline; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">ANSWERS! Major Works are shown with Italics; Minor Works are shown with quotation marks. Explanations are in parentheses following each sentence.</span><br />
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<span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; display: inline; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /><br />1. I u</span><span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">sed the encyclopedia essay titled, "Mammals," for my report. (<b>Encyclopedia essay title is a Minor Work-</b>-found within the encyclopedia, whose title is a Major Work.)<br /><br />2. I just got a new cd called <i>Ballads for the Ballroom. </i>(<b>Musical compilation titles are Major Works</b>--the song titles on/in the compilation are Minor Works.)<br /><br />3. Have you ever read the book <i>The Red Badge of Courage</i>? (<b>Book titles are Major Works--</b>the chapter titles within the book are Minor Works.)<br /><br />4. My favorite dance song on my new cd is "Could I Have This Dance?" (<b>Song titles are Minor Works--</b>the title of the songbook or cd that contains the song is the Major Work.)<br /><br />5. She assigned five chapters this week, starting with "Non-Essential Information." (<b>Chapter titles are Minor Works--</b>the title of the book containing the chapters is the Major Work.)</span></span></span><br />
<span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; display: inline; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br />6. They said we could consult <i>Wikipedia</i>, but we aren't allowed to cite it. </span></span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: x-small; line-height: 18px;">(</span><b style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: small; line-height: 18px;">Encyclopedia titles are Major Works--</b><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: x-small; line-height: 18px;">the titles of the essays within the encyclopedia are Minor Works.)</span><br />
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<span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; display: inline; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">7. Our new favorite boxed television show is <i>Person of Interest</i>.</span><span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline;"><span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-size: x-small;">(</span><b style="font-size: small;">Television show titles are Major Works--</b><span style="font-size: x-small;">the titles of the scenes or chapters within the program are Minor Works.)</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /><br />8. I haven't received a <i>Reader's Digest</i> magazine in years. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;">(</span><b style="font-size: small;">Magazine or journal titles are Major Works--</b><span style="font-size: x-small;">the titles of the articles within the magazine/journal are Minor Works.)</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br />9. My favorite composition series is <i>Meaningful Composition</i>. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;">(</span><b style="font-size: small;">Book titles are Major Works--</b><span style="font-size: x-small;">the chapters within the book are Minor Works.)</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /><br />10. I am using their bonus book right now, called <i>The SAT Essay and Other Timed Writing. </i></span><span style="font-size: x-small;">(</span><b style="font-size: small;">Book titles are Major Works--</b><span style="font-size: x-small;">the chapters within the book are Minor Works.)</span></span></span>Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-90250446816406619202013-09-12T09:53:00.002-07:002013-09-12T09:53:50.288-07:00Think Fast Answer Key<br />
Think Fast Answer Key available to download in PDF. <br />
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<a href="https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B9s1gDz0XKhwVW9YcDRpSHpHZU0/edit?usp=sharing">https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B9s1gDz0XKhwVW9YcDRpSHpHZU0/edit?usp=sharing</a>Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-11200200269355415672013-09-10T19:16:00.001-07:002013-09-10T19:19:27.859-07:00Q and A: Colons<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://image.shutterstock.com/display_pic_with_logo/301456/301456,1292429739,1/stock-photo-group-of-q-a-related-d-words-part-of-a-series-67286269.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="284" src="http://image.shutterstock.com/display_pic_with_logo/301456/301456,1292429739,1/stock-photo-group-of-q-a-related-d-words-part-of-a-series-67286269.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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"Sometimes I see colons used before quotes; other times I see them used before lists. Which is correct? How do I know when a colon is the right punctuation mark?"<br />
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Just taught this yesterday to a dozen kids preparing for the SAT--and I'll be teaching it again tomorrow to a dozen more who are preparing for the SAT. I will tell you what I told them:<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b>1. You want to learn how to use colons.</b></span> That skill will make you look smart since so few people know how to use them properly!<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b>2. You should always have a complete sentence on the left side of the colon:</b></span><br />
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a. <i>This means that it CAN be used following a speech tag </i>(before your quoted words)<b> IF the speech tag is a complete sentence:</b><br />
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i. Yes: HE SPOKE WORDS OF COMFORT: "You can get through this. You are strong. I know you can make it." (Words on the left of the colon could stand alone; you could place a period there, and it would be a real, complete sentence.)<br />
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ii. No: HE SAID: "You can get through this. You are strong. I know you can make it."<br />
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b. <i>This means that it CAN be used to introduce a list</i> <b>IF the introduction to the list is a complete sentence</b>:<br />
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i. Yes: I NEED SEVERAL THINGS FROM THE STORE: milk, bread, eggs, and bananas.<br />
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ii. No: I NEED TO GET: milk, bread, eggs, and bananas.<br />
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c. <i>This means that it CAN be used to ask a rhetorical question</i> <b>IF the words preceding the colon make up a complete sentence:</b><br />
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<b> </b>i. Yes: WE LOOKED FOR HIM EVERYWHERE: suddenly he appeared!<br />
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ii. No: WE LOOKED AND: suddenly he appeared!<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b>3. A colon should NEVER follow two types+ of words:</b></span><br />
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a. An action verb used as an action verb. No: SHE WANTED US TO GIVE: money, time, and household goods.<br />
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b. A preposition used as a preposition: No: SHE ASKED US TO: come early, stay late, and work non-stop.<br />
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+When a sentence ends in an action verb or a preposition, that word usually makes the sentence into a non-sentence (i.e. you can't put a period there and call it a real sentence): She asked us to.<br />
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<b style="font-size: x-large;">4. Colon use is often subjective in technical writing, such as text books, blogs (!), and other places where they are used to teach or expound upon topics in list form, etc.</b><br />
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<br />Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-73746669354551265582013-09-02T12:30:00.003-07:002013-09-02T12:30:49.014-07:00The Oxford Comma--Cute!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggBOqu-6rs8gPsVdyvas3rWZ0fvwejGIAEqzOzhRXLdQwUKBnVsVmJyRy5uVMtNf6ixK49BXmri_prtAa-P72jeaf_IPXn9-bviqKXCaVuQorrZmx8GNoYD1PjE7wrLC4cYafQmNjGdygb/s640/Oxford+Comma.jpg.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggBOqu-6rs8gPsVdyvas3rWZ0fvwejGIAEqzOzhRXLdQwUKBnVsVmJyRy5uVMtNf6ixK49BXmri_prtAa-P72jeaf_IPXn9-bviqKXCaVuQorrZmx8GNoYD1PjE7wrLC4cYafQmNjGdygb/s640/Oxford+Comma.jpg.png" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-46016093696329600912013-08-24T10:04:00.000-07:002013-08-24T10:04:38.126-07:00B is for BEING VERBS!<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;"><br /></span>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">B is for BEING VERBS!</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">In our books, we group being/helping/linking verbs together since they often serve the same purpose, and they all have the same modifiers (i.e. adjectives modifying noun before BHL verb as opposed to adverbs modifying the verb), etc. </span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">To help you remember the Be, a Helper, Link verbs, there is a little rhyme that you can sing to the tune of ABC’s (or “Twinkle, Twinkle, Litt</span><span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; display: inline; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">le Star”):<br /><br />(ABCDEFG)<br />Be, a Helper, Link verbs,<br /><br />( HIJKLMNOP)<br />Is, Are, Am, Was, & Were.<br /><br />(QRSTUV)<br />Be, & Being, Been, Become,<br /><br />(WXYZ)<br />Has, & Had, & Have are ones.<br /><br />(Now I said my ABC's)<br />Can, Could, Shall, Should—they are fun.<br /><br />(Next time won't you sing with me?)<br />Will, Would, Do, Did, Does, & Done.<br /><br />(ABCDEFG)<br />May, Might, Must—they are some as well,<br /><br />(HIJKLMNOP)<br />Appear, Look, Seem, Remain, Taste, Feel, & Smell.<br /><br /></span><br />
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<span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; display: inline; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;"><span style="font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">B is for BHL VERBS!</span><br style="font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" /><br style="font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" /><span style="font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">There are a number of reasons to memorize being, helping, and linking verbs:</span><br style="font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" /><br style="font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" /><span style="font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">(1) When one stands alone as a linking verb or is used before a base verb as a helping verb, it is the verb that you match with the subject: He IS happy...is must match with He; they ARE going (are must match with they.</span><br style="font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" /><br style="font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" /><span style="font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">(2) They tell WHEN something happened (present, past, etc.).</span><br style="font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" /><br style="font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" /><span style="font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">(3) When one stand</span><span class="text_exposed_show" style="display: inline; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">s alone, it may have an adjective following it--which is going back to the noun or pronoun before it, describing that noun or pronoun. (You do not use an adverb with a single BHL verb.)<br /><br />(4) When one stands alone, it should have the subjective form of a pronoun following it (if it has a pronoun following it), not the objective: This is SHE (not this is HER).<br /><br />(5) When a base verb follows has, had, or have (and oftentimes was and were), it should be in its past participle tense:<br /><br />a. has written<br />b. had gone<br />c. have done<br />d. had lain<br />e. has risen<br />f. have come</span></span><br />
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<span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; display: inline; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;"><br /></span>Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-66968700102274101722013-08-24T09:50:00.000-07:002013-08-24T09:59:45.893-07:00A is for APPOSITIVES!<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">A is for APPOSITIVE!</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">We teach the appositive extensively in our writing and language arts books because it is an amazing conciseness technique--and it shows a student's skill in handling difficult grammar concepts and punctuation challenges. Plus, it truly does help a student write more concisely!</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">Here is the basic of this grammar item:</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">1. Is a phrase that restates something else.</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">2. Is usuall</span><span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; display: inline; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">y used to restate (or elaborate on) the subject (though it can be used to restate anything really.<br /><br />3. Is set off with commas if it falls in the middle of the sentence. (Remember: Anything that is set off with commas should be "removable" and a complete sentence remains without it!)<br /><br />4. Can be used to combine two sentences into one in short, choppy sentences.<br /><br />Example:<br /><br />Donna writes language arts and composition books every day.<br /><br />Donna has written over fifty curriculum texts.<br /><br />Donna, WHO HAS WRITTEN OVER FIFTY CURRICULUM TEXTS, writes language arts and composition books every day.<br /><br />Cool, huh?</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; display: inline; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">A is for APPOSITIVE</span><br />
<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">Did you know that last week's PUNCTUATION PUZZLE had an appositive in it?</span><br />
<br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;" />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">I had barely noticed her mood, HER TEMPERAMENT, when she suddenly blew up, and she began shouting and throwing things at me, which was something I was not accustomed to seeing.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">Notice the following:</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">1. Her temperament renames the noun mood.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">2. It is set off with commas surrounding it (her temperament)</span><span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; display: inline; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">.<br />3. It (along with the commas) can be removed from the sentence, and a complete sentence remains.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; display: inline; font-size: 12.727272033691406px; line-height: 17.99715805053711px;"><br /></span></span>Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-22591076858837288992013-07-31T10:06:00.000-07:002013-07-31T10:06:10.662-07:00WORDY WEDNESDAY--Prefix ir<br />
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The prefix <em>ir</em> is an interesting prefix for a number of reasons:<br />
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1. <strong>It means <em>not.</em></strong> There are many prefixes that can mean <em>not</em>, such as<em> de, a, un, non</em>; however,<em> ir</em> also means <em>not</em>, which is interesting to me because I don't think it sounds like it should mean <em>not</em>! To me, it sounds like it should mean <em>again</em> or <em>repeating</em> or something besides not!<br />
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2. It only comes before base words that begin with R. In other words, you do not put<em> ir</em> in front of most any word to mean <em>not,</em> like you often do with<em> un</em> or<em> non.</em> <br />
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3. This isn't really interesting--but I like to say it whenever I teach about prefixes. A prefix is a letter or group of letters that you "affix" (which is why it and suffixes are called affixes) to the beginning of a word. It is important to remember that a prefix does not change the spelling of the base word. <strong>That is especially crucial in spelling <em>ir </em>words because the<em> ir</em> precedes an R already--and you must keep the base word's spelling, so when you add this prefix to a word, you will ALWAYS have two R's in a row: <em>irregular, irresponsible</em>, etc.</strong><br />
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4. It is most often put before a word that is should never come before:<strong> regardless</strong>. We hear people constantly say irregardless, which is, of course, an oxymoronic word because<em> less</em> means <em>without</em> (or not) and <em>ir</em> means <em>not.</em> I guess that makes it sort of like using a double negative! You do not put<em> ir</em> before regardless because regardless already means <em>without regard</em>. With <em>ir</em> in front of it, you are saying<em> not without regard</em>, I guess.... Anyway, irregardless is not a word. So don't use it. Okay? :)<br />
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Note: It is correct, however, to use <em>irrespective</em>, which is a substitute (some of the time) for when you are tempted to say<em> irregardless</em>. <br />
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However, there are many base words that begin with R that can have<em> ir</em> put before them to mean NOT or the opposite of what the base word means before<em> ir</em> is added to it. <br />
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Here is a list to get you started. Notice how if you take the<em> ir</em> off, you have a positive base word (or one that means yes--yes regular, yes responsible, yes revocable, etc.) However, with the <em>ir,</em> the word means<em> not</em>---<em>not regular, not responsible, not revocable</em>, etc.<br />
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Remember: You know more than you think you know!<br />
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And remember: Use what you already know to learn even more!<br />
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<li>irregular</li>
<li> irresponsible</li>
<li>irrevocable</li>
<li>irrefutable</li>
<li>irradiate</li>
<li>irreconcilable</li>
<li>irredeemable</li>
<li>irreducible</li>
<li>irrefutable</li>
<li>irregularity</li>
<li>irrelevant</li>
<li>irreverence</li>
<li>irreligious</li>
<li>irreparable</li>
<li>irreplaceable</li>
<li>irreversible</li>
<li>irresolute</li>
<li>irretrievable</li>
<li>irresistible</li>
<li>Irrelevant</li>
Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-73700539259216382482013-07-17T16:35:00.000-07:002013-07-17T16:35:13.250-07:00WORDY WEDNESDAY--Prefixes Having to Do With Heat<br />
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We are having a heat wave here in Indiana. We have had temperatures above ninety degrees this week. Today it was 92 degrees--a perfect day to go swimming and a perfect day to get a sunburn!<br />
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For today's WORDY WEDNESDAY, I thought we would look at two prefixes that have to do with July in Indiana--SOL and THERM.<br />
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If you have been reading Language Lady very long, you know my two rules of thumb for learning:<br />
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1. You know more than you think you know.<br />
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2. Use what you already know to learn even more!<br />
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Those two rules of thumb definitely apply to today's prefixes.+<br />
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We encourage our students to take a key word--any word that you already know--that has to do what you are trying to learn.<br />
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In the case of sol and therm, you can take two words you already know as your "key words" to help you remember these two prefixes:<br />
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SOL--solar....you know that solar means sun if you have ever talked about a solar blanket for your pool, solar power (generating power through the sun), or solar eclipse<br />
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THERM--thermos or thermal...you know that THERM means heat if you have ever carried your soup or coffee in a thermos or had "thermal underwear" on in the winter to keep you warm.<br />
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So...take your two KEY WORDS and use them any time you see the prefixes SOL and THERM:<br />
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1. Sol<br />
a. solar<br />
b. solarium--part of a room that is exposed to the sun<br />
c. solstice--the pointer in which the sun stands sill<br />
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2. Therm<br />
a. thermoplastic<br />
b. thermos<br />
c. thermodynamics<br />
d. thermoelectric<br />
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The "solar heat" is high right now in Indiana, and the thermometer shows it at in the low nineties!<br />
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<div>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 24.296875px;"><i>+Remember: A prefix is an affix. An affix is a letter or letters attached to a word that give more meaning to the word. The affix itself actually has meaning. A prefix is an affix that is added to the <u>beginning </u>of a word--thus, the prefix to the word prefix PRE (meaning before)!</i></span></span></div>
Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-56310175254217818192013-07-17T14:58:00.000-07:002013-07-17T14:58:53.260-07:00PUNCTUATION PUZZLE: The shepherd led them to the brook....<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;">PUNCTUATION PUZZLE---plus a couple of other errors for you to find!</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;">The shepherd lead them to the brook and they drank alot, because they were very, hot, and thirsty.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"><br /></span>
<h2>
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;"><br /></span><span style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;">Here is the answer with an explanation for each aspectbelow: The shepherd led them to the brook, and they drank a lot because they were very hot and thirsty.</span></span></h2>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][1]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"> </span><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]">LED vs LEAD: The shepherd LED them to the brook......</span></span></span></span></h2>
<h2>
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"> 1. LEAD (pronounced ledd with as short e) is only pronounced ledd when it refers to a metal or pencil graphite. 2. Otherwise LEAD is pronounced leed (long e) and is the current tense of the verb lead (LEED). 3. </span></span></span><span style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;">LED is the past tense of the verb LEAD (pronounced LEED, with a long e).</span></span></h2>
<h2>
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><br /></span></span></span><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]">CS ,cc CS--Do you remember these rules for compound sentences? </span></span></span></span></h2>
<h2>
<span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span style="font-size: x-small;">1. CS stands for complete sentence; cc stands for coordinating conjunction. </span></span></span></span></h2>
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<span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span style="font-size: x-small;">2. You can join one CS (complete sentence) with another CS by using a comma-cc (,For/ ,And/ ,Nor/ ,But/ ,Or/ ,Yet/ ,So). </span></span></span></span></h2>
<h2>
<span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span style="font-size: x-small;">3. You may not combine two complete sentences into one with a cc only--you must put a comma before it: The shepherd led them to the brook, AND they drank....</span></span></span></span></h2>
<h2>
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><br /></span></span></span><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><br /></span></span></span><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][1]"> </span><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]">ALOT vs A LOT: </span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"> ALOT is not one word; it should be two words--A LOT---meaning a bunch or a large amount: The shepherd led them to the brook, and they drank a lot....</span></span></h2>
<h2>
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]">No comma before a subordinator at the end of a sentence unless it is a WHICH clause-</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></h2>
<h2>
<span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span style="font-size: x-small;">1. You do not need a comma before the BECAUSE. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></h2>
<h2>
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]">2. You do not hear a pause (like you would if it were a WHICH clause): The shepherd led them to the brook, and they drank a lot because they were very hot and thirsty.</span></span></span></span></span></span><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></h2>
<h2>
<span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span style="font-size: x-small;">No Comma Between an adverb and the adjective it describes---</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></h2>
<h2>
<span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span style="font-size: x-small;">1. Or more clearly put, no comma between a qualifier and a describer: VERY hot and thirsty (not VERY, hot, and thirsty).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></h2>
<h2>
<span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span style="font-size: x-small;">2. Very is an adverb telling how hot (an adverb describing an adjective or qualifying it). </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></h2>
<h2>
<span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span style="font-size: x-small;">3. Tip for this: </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></h2>
<h2>
<span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> a. If you can put an AND where you are trying to put the comma, then a comma is needed (in place of the and): they were muddy, hot, and thirsty (muddy AND hot AND thirsty). </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></h2>
<h2>
<span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> b. If you cannot put an AND, do not put a comma: very AND hot---NO!). </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></h2>
<h2>
<span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]" style="background-color: #edeff4; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956582}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0]"><span data-reactid=".r[5dbvc].[1][4][1]{comment570579976313754_5956607}.[0].[right].[0].[left].[0].[0].[0][2].[0].[0]"><span style="font-size: x-small;"> c. Also, do not use a comma when you have only two adjectives and you are placing an AND in between them--either use a comma (hot, thirsty) OR place an AND (hot and thirsty) but not both.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></h2>
Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-34617845772704066902013-06-26T18:36:00.000-07:002013-06-26T18:36:41.493-07:00Compound Sentence Quiz!<br />
<br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 17.98611068725586px;">Are you ready for your quiz? Can you create compound sentences with the sentence pairs given below? Use either of the following:</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 17.98611068725586px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 17.98611068725586px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 17.98611068725586px;">1. A semicolon (with a complete sentence on the left and a complete sentence on the right)</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 17.98611068725586px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 17.98611068725586px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 17.98611068725586px;">2. A comma-coordinating conjunction between two complete sentences (,for/,and/,nor/,but/,or/,yet/</span><wbr style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 17.98611068725586px;"></wbr><span class="word_break" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; display: inline-block; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 17.98611068725586px;"></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 17.98611068725586px;">,so---FANBOYS)</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 17.98611068725586px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 17.98611068725586px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 17.98611068725586px;">a. Writing with compound sentences is important. It is a skill th</span><span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #333333; display: inline; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333969116211px; line-height: 17.98611068725586px;">at many people do not have.<br /><br />b. A compound sentence is formed when two complete sentences are joined as one sentence. You have to combine them properly.<br /><br />c. For, and, nor, but, or, yet, so are all coordinating conjunctions. The acronym FANBOYS stands for all seven coordinating conjunctions.<br /><br />d. A semicolon should never be used in place of a comma. A semicolon alone can join two complete sentences.<br /><br />e. A comma indicates a pause. A semicolon indicates a small stop.</span><br />
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<br />
<br />
<br />
Here are some suggested answers for the quiz:<br />
<br />
a. Writing with compound sentences is important; it is a skill that many people do not have.<br />
<br />
a. Writing with compound sentences is important, yet it is a skill that many people do not have.<br />
<br />
b. A compound sentence is formed when two complete sentences are joined as one sentence, but you have to combine them properly.<br />
<br />
b. A compound sentence is formed when two complete sentences are joined as one sentence, yet you have to combine them properly.<br />
<br />
b. A compound sentence is formed when two complete sentences are joined as one sentence; you have to combine them properly.<br />
<br />
c. For, and, nor, but, or, yet, so are all coordinating conjunctions, and the acronym FANBOYS stands for all seven coordinating conjunctions.<br />
<br />
c. For, and, nor, but, or, yet, so are all coordinating conjunctions; the acronym FANBOYS stands for all seven coordinating conjunctions.<br />
<br />
<br />
d. A semicolon should never be used in place of a comma, but a semicolon alone can join two complete sentences.<br />
<br />
d. A semicolon should never be used in place of a comma, yet a semicolon alone can join two complete sentences.<br />
<br />
d. A semicolon should never be used in place of a comma; a semicolon alone can join two complete sentences.<br />
<br />
e. A comma indicates a pause, but a semicolon indicates a small stop.<br />
<br />
e. A comma indicates a pause, and a semicolon indicates a small stop.<br />
<br />
e. A comma indicates a pause; a semicolon indicates a small stop.Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-72146568569559760982013-06-21T07:14:00.003-07:002013-06-21T07:14:43.035-07:00Punctuation Puzzle: They did not object and thus the area was named the Bermuda Triangle.<span class="userContent">PUNCTUATION PUZZLE: How would you punctuate this sentence? (See comments for my suggestions.)<br /> <br /> They did not object and thus the area was named the Bermuda Triangle.</span><br />
<br />
<span class="userContent"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" id=".reactRoot[397].[1][2][1]{comment505682312803521_5534693}.0.[1].0.[1].0.[0].[0][2]"><span class="UFICommentBody" id=".reactRoot[397].[1][2][1]{comment505682312803521_5534693}.0.[1].0.[1].0.[0].[0][2].0"><span id=".reactRoot[397].[1][2][1]{comment505682312803521_5534693}.0.[1].0.[1].0.[0].[0][2].0.[0]">The
first thing that stands out to me is the CS (complete sentence) on the
left of the coordinating conjunction (cc) and the complete sentence on
the right of the coordinating conjunction. </span></span></span></span><br />
<span class="userContent"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}"><span class="UFICommentBody"><br /></span></span></span>
<span class="userContent"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}"><span class="UFICommentBody">So place a comma before the
coordinating conjunction to create a compound sentence: <span style="font-size: large;">They did not
object<u><b>, and </b></u>thus the area was named the Bermuda Triangle.</span></span></span></span><br />
<br />
<span class="userContent"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" id=".reactRoot[397].[1][2][1]{comment505682312803521_5534693}.0.[1].0.[1].0.[0].[0][2]"><span class="UFICommentBody" id=".reactRoot[397].[1][2][1]{comment505682312803521_5534693}.0.[1].0.[1].0.[0].[0][2].0"><span id=".reactRoot[397].[1][2][1]{comment505682312803521_5534693}.0.[1].0.[1].0.[0].[0][2].0.[0]"><span id=".reactRoot[397].[1][2][1]{comment505682312803521_5534706}.0.[1].0.[1].0.[0].[0][1]"></span><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" id=".reactRoot[397].[1][2][1]{comment505682312803521_5534706}.0.[1].0.[1].0.[0].[0][2]"><span class="UFICommentBody" id=".reactRoot[397].[1][2][1]{comment505682312803521_5534706}.0.[1].0.[1].0.[0].[0][2].0"><span id=".reactRoot[397].[1][2][1]{comment505682312803521_5534706}.0.[1].0.[1].0.[0].[0][2].0.[0]">Secondly,
there is a word that is called by many different names in grammar
terms: thus. We call it a conjunctive adverb (an adverb that joins).
</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span class="userContent"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}"><span class="UFICommentBody"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}"><span class="UFICommentBody"><br /></span></span></span></span></span>
<span class="userContent"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}"><span class="UFICommentBody"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}"><span class="UFICommentBody">Conjunctive adverbs within sentences are always surrounded by
punctuation marks. In this case, the conjunctive adverb is dropped into
the sentence (and can be plucked out and the sentence will still remain a
sentence), so there should be a comma on each side of it. You can also
HEAR this comma: <span style="font-size: large;">They did not object, and<b><u>, thus, </u></b>the area was named the
Bermuda Triangle.</span></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></span></span></span><br />
<br />
<span class="userContent"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" id=".reactRoot[397].[1][2][1]{comment505682312803521_5534693}.0.[1].0.[1].0.[0].[0][2]"><span class="UFICommentBody" id=".reactRoot[397].[1][2][1]{comment505682312803521_5534693}.0.[1].0.[1].0.[0].[0][2].0"><span id=".reactRoot[397].[1][2][1]{comment505682312803521_5534693}.0.[1].0.[1].0.[0].[0][2].0.[0]"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" id=".reactRoot[397].[1][2][1]{comment505682312803521_5534710}.0.[1].0.[1].0.[0].[0][2]"><span class="UFICommentBody" id=".reactRoot[397].[1][2][1]{comment505682312803521_5534710}.0.[1].0.[1].0.[0].[0][2].0"><span id=".reactRoot[397].[1][2][1]{comment505682312803521_5534710}.0.[1].0.[1].0.[0].[0][2].0.[0]">I
would punctuate it like this--<span style="font-size: large;">They did not object, and, thus, the area
was named the Bermuda Triangle. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span class="userContent"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}"><span class="UFICommentBody"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}"><span class="UFICommentBody"><br /></span></span></span></span></span>
<span class="userContent"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}"><span class="UFICommentBody"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}"><span class="UFICommentBody">However, when my older children were little, I
read aloud to them three to five hours a day. Commas show voice
inflection and fall, so they are especially near and dear to my heart
when reading orally to my kids through the years. Are you comma crazy?</span></span> </span></span> </span>Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4477675581124973562.post-45222780484268716802013-05-29T08:28:00.000-07:002013-05-29T08:28:18.029-07:00WORDY WEDNESDAY: peak, peek, pique<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.lisarivero.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/peek-peak-pique.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://www.lisarivero.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/peek-peak-pique.png" width="211" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Picture by Lisa Rivera</td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<br />
Oh my word! My tips and tricks for peek, peak, and pique aren't nearly as cute and memorable as the ones Lisa Rivera has created in the picture above! In our curriculum materials, and on the web, I don't have access to that kind of graphic representation of words. I might have to look into that in the future!<br />
<br />
In the meantime, her picture says a thousand words--okay, well really just three:<br />
<br />
1. Peek<br />
a. Verb meaning a secretive look--And then I am going to peek into the package.<br />
b. Noun meaning a small glance--She took a peek into the package.<br />
c. Thus, the two EYES in the middle of the word peek in the graphic. (We do have that in our books, but we just tell it not show it--showing it is so much better!) <br />
<br />
<br />
2. Peak<br />
a. Verb meaning to reach the highest point---They said that the dancer was going to peak at just the right time.<br />
b. Noun meaning the highest point---They reached the mountain's peak.<br />
c. Adjective meaning highest point---They were at their peak performance.<br />
d. Love the graphic with the A being a high, mountainous point. <br />
<br />
<br />
3. Pique'<br />
a. Verb meaning to arouse curiosity--They really tried to pique' our attention with those pictures.<br />
b. Noun meaning resentment--He slammed the door in a fit of pique'. (Use it interchangeably with "quick anger."<br />
c. Noun or adjective meaning nubby fabric--He wore his pique' bright yellow polo shirt.<br />
d. The verb is the most common meaning; and thus, we see the cat at the bottom of the q in the picture because "curiosity killed the cat." CLEVER!<br />
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If you don't have that great picture above, here are ways to remember these three:<br />
<br />
1. Peek--has two e's, and we have two eyes and peek with our eyes<br />
2. Peak---not two e's OR They have a lEAK in the pEAK of their roof.<br />
3. Pique'--Ends with que---question begins with que<br />
<br />
Happy Wordy Wednesday! If you like our blog, share it with others! Put the FB link on your timeline, so others can learn with Language Lady each week! Smile...Raising Kids With Characterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09058466364492972974noreply@blogger.com0